Race Conditions Explained: From TOCTOU to Business Logic Bypasses
A comprehensive guide on how to find, exploit, and prevent race condition or concurrency attacks in modern web applications.
How to Automate JavaScript Analysis in Burp Suite
If you're a bug bounty hunter or pentester, you probably spend most of your day in Burp Suite. It's where the magic happens, intercepting requests, tweaking parameters, watching how apps respond to your prodding. But here's the thing: there's always been this
WordPress Hacking 101: A Comprehensive Security Assessment Guide
WordPress powers a huge portion of the internet, and that popularity comes with a predictable reality: it gets attacked constantly. What makes WordPress especially interesting from an offensive security perspective is its modular design. The core CMS might be reasonably hardened, but themes, plugins, misconfigurations, and leftover files often expand
GraphQL Penetration Testing: A Comprehensive Guide to Discovery and Exploitation
GraphQL has changed how modern applications ship APIs. Instead of calling multiple endpoints like you would in REST, a client can ask for exactly the data it wants in one request. That is great for performance and developer experience, but it also shifts a lot of power to the client.
Automating JavaScript Reconnaissance: A Complete Guide to Jsmon CLI
If you've been hunting bugs or conducting security assessments for a while, you've probably experienced the frustration of manually analyzing JavaScript files across dozens, or even hundreds, of subdomains. While browser-based tools and Burp Suite extensions are excellent for deep-dive analysis of individual targets, they simply
The "Meta Pixel" Vulnerability: How a Third-Party Script Led to Account Takeover
We've all been there, copying a third-party script tag, pasting it into our website's header, checking that it works, and calling it a day. Google Analytics? Check. Meta Pixel? Check. These tools are supposed to be the easy part of web development. But as security researcher
WebSocket Penetration Testing: A Complete Guide to CSWSH
If you've ever used a chat application, watched a live sports score update, or traded stocks online, you've likely experienced WebSockets in action without even knowing it. Traditional HTTP connections work like sending letters back and forth, you ask a question, wait for a response, and
OpenClaw: Security Analysis of a High-Privilege AI Agent
OpenClaw is a self-hosted, open-source autonomous AI agent designed to execute actions across local systems and external services on behalf of a user. OpenClaw introduces a high-risk control plane when operated without strict isolation and security controls.
How to Perform JavaScript Reconnaissance for Bug Bounties
If you've spent any time doing reconnaissance, you know the drill: subdomain enumeration, port scanning, directory brute-forcing. These techniques work, sure, but they only show you what's live and responding right now. They don't reveal the bigger picture. Here's what most people
Passive Recon 2.0: Mapping Attack Surfaces While You Browse
If you've ever done security reconnaissance on a web application, you know the drill. You spend time clicking around, understanding how the app works, mentally mapping out its functionality. Then you switch gears, fire up your terminal, run tools like waybackurls or subjs, download files, and start grepping
GDPR, HIPAA, PCI & CCPA: What Engineering Teams Need to Know
Let's be honest, when someone mentions "compliance," most developers and security teams inwardly groan. The word brings to mind endless spreadsheets, auditor checklists, and dense legal language that feels miles away from actual code. But here's the thing: in 2026, compliance isn't
From Cache Poisoning to Account Takeover: A Modern Web Security Case Study
In many bug bounty programs and security teams, reflected XSS has earned a reputation as “boring.” It is often downgraded to a low-severity issue because it typically requires a user to click a crafted link or interact with suspicious input. But what happens when you remove that dependency on user